The GM LY2 is a 3,564 cc, 60‑degree V6 petrol engine produced between 2007 and 2011. It features an aluminum block and heads, dual overhead camshafts (DOHC), and variable valve timing (VVT) on the intake cam. This High Feature engine delivered 252–263 hp and 251–253 lb‑ft of torque, balancing smooth, high — RPM power with modern efficiency.
Fitted to models such as the Cadillac CTS and Saab 9 — 3, the LY2 was engineered for refined, sporty performance with an emphasis on linear…
All production years (2007–2011) meet U.S. Tier 2 Bin 5 standards (EPA Engine Family Code: 3GAXV03.6LBAK).
The GM LY2 is a 3,564 cc 60-degree V6 petrol engine engineered for premium sedans (2007-2011). It combines DOHC with variable valve timing to deliver smooth, linear power delivery. Designed to meet U.S. Tier 2 Bin 5 standards, it balances performance with regulatory compliance.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
Displacement | 3,564 cc | |
Fuel type | Petrol (Gasoline) | |
Configuration | 60° V6, DOHC, 24-valve | |
Aspiration | Naturally aspirated | |
Bore × stroke | 94.0 mm × 85.6 mm | |
Power output | 252–263 hp (188–196 kW) | |
Torque | 251–253 lb-ft (340–343 Nm) | |
Fuel system | Sequential multi-port fuel injection (SFI) | |
Emissions standard | U.S. Tier 2 Bin 5 | |
Compression ratio | 10.2:1 | |
Cooling system | Water-cooled | |
Turbocharger | None | |
Timing system | Chain-driven (with known tensioner issues) | |
Oil type | Refer to vehicle handbook / manufacturer specification | |
Dry weight | 402 lb (182 kg) |
The GM LY2 was used across GM's Sigma platform with longitudinal mounting and licensed to Saab. This engine received platform-specific adaptations-different intake manifolds and accessory brackets for the CTS versus the 9-3-and from 2009 the tensioner was revised for improved durability, creating a key service part difference. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
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The LY2's primary reliability risk is timing chain tensioner failure, with elevated incidence in high-RPM or poorly maintained vehicles. GM internal data indicated a significant number of warranty claims for tensioner replacement, while owner reports consistently cite a distinctive rattle as the first symptom. Extended oil change intervals and use of incorrect oil viscosity make the updated tensioner and strict maintenance critical.
Analysis derived from GM technical bulletins (2007-2011) and NHTSA complaint data (2007-2015). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
The most common questions about engine codes, what they mean, how to find them and how this database works
The LY2 is generally a robust engine with a solid design. Its main weakness is the original timing chain tensioner, which is prone to failure. With the updated tensioner installed and proper maintenance (especially oil changes), the LY2 can reliably exceed 150,000 miles.
The most frequent issue is the failing timing chain tensioner, causing a noticeable rattle. Other common problems include VVT actuator/solenoid issues, oil leaks from the valve cover, and failures of the intake manifold runner control (IMRC) system. These are well-documented in GM service bulletins.
The LY2 3.6L V6 was used in the Cadillac CTS (2008-2011) and Saab 9-3 Aero (2008-2011). It was a key engine for GM's premium applications during that era, offering more power than the base LY7 engine in those models.
The LY2 has moderate tuning potential. Basic bolt-ons like a cold air intake and cat-back exhaust can yield 15-25 hp. More significant gains require ECU tuning, which can unlock 40-50+ hp by optimizing ignition and fuel maps, especially since it's designed for premium fuel.
Fuel economy is average for a performance-oriented 3.6L V6. In a Cadillac CTS, expect around 16 mpg city and 25 mpg highway. Real-world combined fuel economy usually falls between 19-20 mpg, depending heavily on driving style.
Yes. The GM LY2 is an interference engine. This means if the timing chain were to fail or jump, the pistons will contact the valves, causing severe internal engine damage. This makes addressing tensioner issues promptly critical.
GM recommends SAE 5W-30 motor oil for the LY2 engine. The oil should meet the API SM or SN specification (or a newer equivalent). Regular oil changes every 5,000 miles are crucial for long-term engine health, particularly for the timing chain and VVT system.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
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EU emissions and type-approval regulations (e.g., CELEX:32007R0715, CELEX:32017R1151).
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval & V5C
UK vehicle approval processes, import rules, and MoT guidance.
DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)
UK type-approval authority for automotive products.
Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
WLTP and RDE testing procedures for emissions certification.
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval
UK compliance and certification requirements for imported and modified vehicles.
VCA Certification Portal
Type-approval guidance and documentation.
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