The Porsche M28.49 is a 2,479 cc, inline‑four petrol engine produced between 1985 and 1988. It powered the front — engine Porsche 944 and featured a water — cooled architecture with an aluminum block, cast — iron cylinder liners, and dual balance shafts for smoothness. Equipped with Bosch LH — Jetronic electronic fuel injection and a SOHC 8 — valve head, it delivered 125 kW (170 PS) and 222 Nm of torque.
Fitted exclusively to the 944 (including 944 S base variants in some markets…
Production years 1985–1988 meet national emissions standards of the era; Euro 1-equivalent compliance applies to select export models .
The Porsche M28.49 is a 2,479 cc inline‑four petrol engine engineered for front-engine sports coupes (1985–1988). It combines Bosch LH-Jetronic electronic fuel injection with dual balance shafts and SOHC valvetrain to deliver smooth, refined power with strong low-end torque. Designed before formal EU emissions standards, later units incorporated modifications to meet national and VCA-equivalent requirements.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
Displacement | 2,479 cc | |
Fuel type | Petrol (RON 95 min) | |
Configuration | Inline‑4, SOHC, 8‑valve | |
Aspiration | Naturally aspirated | |
Bore × stroke | 100.0 mm × 79.0 mm | |
Power output | 125 kW (170 PS) @ 5,800 rpm | |
Torque | 222 Nm @ 4,200 rpm | |
Fuel system | Bosch LH-Jetronic electronic injection | |
Emissions standard | Pre-Euro; national equivalents (e.g., VCA) | |
Compression ratio | 9.7:1 | |
Cooling system | Water-cooled | |
Turbocharger | None | |
Timing system | Chain-driven SOHC with dual balance shafts | |
Oil type | Refer to vehicle handbook / manufacturer specification | |
Dry weight | 142 kg |
The Porsche M28.49 was used exclusively in Porsche's 944 platform with front-mounted, longitudinal orientation and no external licensing. This engine received minor updates—revised balance shaft bearings from mid-1987 and updated ECU calibrations for catalytic models—and all adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
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Field reports and technical service bulletins highlight component wear patterns under high-load operation. Adherence to manufacturer service intervals and approved fluid specifications is critical for long-term reliability.
Analysis derived from manufacturer technical service bulletins and industry workshop records. Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
The most common questions about engine codes, what they mean, how to find them and how this database works
The M28.49 can be dependable if maintained properly, but early models (1985–mid-1987) are prone to balance shaft bearing failure. Post-mid-1987 units with updated bearings are significantly more robust. Critical factors include strict oil change intervals, using correct coolant, and monitoring oil pressure. Neglect often leads to catastrophic lubrication failure.
Top issues include balance shaft bearing wear, timing chain tensioner degradation, LH-Jetronic sensor faults, and water pump leaks. These are well-documented in Porsche service bulletins TSB-944-1987 and related TIS updates. Oil and cooling system neglect are primary accelerants.
Exclusively the Porsche 944 from 1985 to 1988, including standard and select base S variants in specific markets. It was never used in 924, 944 Turbo, 968, or other Porsche lines. All are front-engine, water-cooled layouts.
Aftermarket ECU tuning is common on the M-28-49 platform, but increasing boost or altering engine parameters accelerates component wear, impacts emissions compliance, and may void vehicle warranties. Any modifications should be evaluated carefully by a qualified specialist.
Typical consumption is 10–12 L/100km (24–19 mpg UK) in mixed driving. Highway cruising can reach 8.5 L/100km (33 mpg UK). The engine prioritizes smoothness and torque over peak efficiency, though it remains reasonable for a 1980s sports coupe.
No. The M28.49 is a non-interference engine. If the timing chain fails, valves and pistons do not collide, reducing catastrophic risk. However, balance shaft and oil pump integrity should still be monitored.
Porsche specifies SAE 10W-40 mineral oil meeting API SF/CC standards. Synthetic oils were not approved for this engine. Change every 7,500 km or annually to protect the balance shaft bearings and hydraulic lifters.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
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Regulatory Stability
EU regulations are referenced using CELEX identifiers for long-term stability.
EUR-Lex
EU emissions and type-approval regulations (e.g., CELEX:32007R0715, CELEX:32017R1151).
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval & V5C
UK vehicle approval processes, import rules, and MoT guidance.
DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)
UK type-approval authority for automotive products.
Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
WLTP and RDE testing procedures for emissions certification.
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval
UK compliance and certification requirements for imported and modified vehicles.
VCA Certification Portal
Type-approval guidance and documentation.
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