The Range Rover 12 HC21AA is a 2,996 cc, inline‑six turbo‑charged petrol engine produced between 2020 and 2025. It features a twin‑scroll turbocharger, direct fuel injection, and variable valve timing (VVT) with DOHC architecture. In standard form it delivers 294 kW (400 PS) and 550 Nm of torque, enabling strong low‑rpm responsiveness for effortless daily driving.
Fitted to the L460 Range Rover and L405 Range Rover Sport, the 12 HC21AA was engineered for refined perform…
All production years 2020–2025 meet Euro 6d emissions standards .
The Range Rover 12 HC21AA is a 2,996 cc inline‑six turbo‑charged petrol engineered for full‑size luxury SUVs (2020–2025). It combines direct injection with a twin‑scroll turbocharger to deliver smooth, linear power and strong towing response. Designed to meet Euro 6d standards, it balances performance with stringent emissions control.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
Displacement | 2,996 cc | |
Fuel type | Petrol (ULP 95 RON min) | |
Configuration | Inline‑6, DOHC, 24‑valve | |
Aspiration | Turbocharged (twin‑scroll) | |
Bore × stroke | 82.0 mm × 94.0 mm | |
Power output | 294 kW (400 PS) @ 5,500 rpm | |
Torque | 550 Nm @ 2,000–5,000 rpm | |
Fuel system | Bosch HDEV6 direct injection (200 bar) | |
Emissions standard | Euro 6d (RDE compliant) | |
Compression ratio | 10.5:1 | |
Cooling system | Water‑cooled with dual electric fans | |
Turbocharger | Twin‑scroll (Honeywell Garrett) | |
Timing system | Chain (front‑mounted, low‑wear design) | |
Oil type | JLR STJLR.03.5037 (SAE 0W‑20) | |
Dry weight | 218 kg |
The Range Rover 12 HC21AA was used across Land Rover's L460 and L405 platforms with longitudinal mounting and no third‑party licensing. This engine received platform-specific adaptations—reinforced mounts in the L460 and revised cooling ducting in the L405 Sport—and from late 2023 the HPFP upgrade per JLR Service Action Notice, creating minor service part distinctions. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
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Field reports and technical service bulletins highlight component wear patterns under high-load operation. Adherence to manufacturer service intervals and approved fluid specifications is critical for long-term reliability.
Analysis derived from manufacturer technical service bulletins and industry workshop records. Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
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The 12 HC21AA offers smooth power and strong refinement, but early units (2020–2023) had HPFP reliability concerns under heavy use. Post‑2023 revisions improved durability. With proper maintenance—especially oil changes and avoiding constant high-load without cooldown—this engine can be very dependable.
Main issues include high-pressure fuel pump wear, GPF regeneration faults from low-speed driving, turbo actuator calibration drift, and minor front cover oil seepage. These are documented in JLR service bulletins and are generally manageable with correct servicing.
The 12 HC21AA powers the P400 variant of the L460 Range Rover (2022–2025) and L405 Range Rover Sport (2020–2022). It is exclusive to Land Rover and not shared with other manufacturers.
Aftermarket ECU tuning is common on the 12-HC21AA platform, but increasing boost or altering engine parameters accelerates component wear, impacts emissions compliance, and may void vehicle warranties. Any modifications should be evaluated carefully by a qualified specialist.
In a Range Rover P400, expect ~11.5 L/100km (city) and ~8.2 L/100km (highway), or about 28 mpg UK combined. Real-world mixed driving typically yields 25–30 mpg UK, depending on load and driving style.
Yes. Like all modern JLR engines, the 12 HC21AA is an interference design. Timing chain failure—though rare—could cause piston-to-valve contact and severe internal damage. Chain wear is minimal with proper oil maintenance.
JLR specifies 0W‑20 synthetic oil meeting STJLR.03.5037. Always use this exact grade to ensure VVT response, turbo protection, and HPFP lubrication. Change every 16,000 km or 12 months, whichever comes first.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
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Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
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Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
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