The GM LLV is a 2,498 cc, inline‑four naturally aspirated petrol engine produced from 2017 to present. It features gasoline direct injection, dual overhead camshafts, and continuously variable valve timing on both intake and exhaust. This powerplant delivers 135–138 kW (182–186 PS) and 236–244 Nm of torque, with its linear power delivery engineered for smooth, predictable performance in midsize applications.
Fitted to models such as the Chevrolet Equinox and GMC Ter…
Production years 2017–Present meet U.S. EPA Tier 3 Bin 30 and Euro 6d standards (EPA Certificate of Conformity #AALMF.LLV25).
The GM LLV is a 2,498 cc inline‑four naturally aspirated petrol engineered for compact and midsize SUVs (2017-Present). It combines gasoline direct injection with dual overhead camshafts and continuous variable valve timing to deliver smooth, linear power and responsive throttle action. Designed to meet U.S. Tier 3 Bin 30 and Euro 6d standards, it balances refinement with regulatory compliance.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
Displacement | 2,498 cc | |
Fuel type | Petrol | |
Configuration | Inline‑4, DOHC, 16-valve | |
Aspiration | Naturally aspirated | |
Bore × stroke | 92.0 mm × 94.0 mm | |
Power output | 135–138 kW (182–186 PS) | |
Torque | 236–244 Nm @ 4,000–5,000 rpm | |
Fuel system | Direct Injection (Bosch HDEV5) | |
Emissions standard | U.S. Tier 3 Bin 30 / Euro 6d | |
Compression ratio | 11.3:1 | |
Cooling system | Water‑cooled | |
Timing system | Chain‑driven | |
Oil type | Refer to vehicle handbook / manufacturer specification | |
Dry weight | 138 kg |
The GM LLV was used across GM's global D2XX platform with transverse mounting. This engine received no major platform-specific adaptations or facelift revisions affecting core interchangeability within its production run. All applications are documented in OEM service manuals.
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The LLV's primary documented concern is higher-than-specified oil consumption in early production units (2017-2019), linked to piston ring design. GM service data indicates this was a targeted issue leading to a technical service bulletin and warranty extension. Neglecting oil level checks or using incorrect oil can exacerbate wear, making adherence to maintenance schedules and using the correct oil specification critical.
Analysis derived from GM technical bulletins (2017-2024) and NHTSA consumer complaint data (2018-2024). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
The most common questions about engine codes, what they mean, how to find them and how this database works
The LLV is generally a robust and refined engine with proper maintenance. Its main long-term concern affects early production units (2017-2019) with potential for high oil consumption, which GM addressed with a service bulletin and warranty extension. Regular oil changes with dexos1™ Gen 2 oil and using premium fuel are crucial for longevity. The chain-driven timing system is durable and maintenance-free.
The most frequent issue is excessive oil consumption in early production engines (2017-2019). Other common problems include variable valve timing solenoid failures, fuel injector clogging or leakage, and coolant leaks from the water pump. These are documented in GM service bulletins and owner reports.
The 2.5L LLV naturally aspirated petrol engine is used in the Chevrolet Equinox (2017-Present) and GMC Terrain (2018-Present). It serves as the base engine in these compact SUVs, offering a balance of smooth power delivery and reliability.
The LLV has limited tuning potential due to its naturally aspirated design and high compression ratio. ECU tunes can yield minor gains (5-10 kW) by optimizing timing and fueling, but significant power increases are not feasible without forced induction, which is not a supported modification. Focus is better placed on drivetrain or suspension upgrades.
Fuel economy is good for its size. In a Chevrolet Equinox FWD, expect around 9.8 L/100km city and 7.6 L/100km highway, or approximately 28 mpg combined (US). Real-world figures vary with driving style, but it typically achieves 25-32 mpg (US) on mixed roads, reflecting its role as an efficient, refined powerplant.
Yes. The GM LLV is an interference engine. If the timing chain were to fail or jump significantly, the pistons would collide with the open valves, causing catastrophic internal engine damage. Fortunately, the chain system is very reliable with proper oil maintenance.
GM mandates the use of dexos1™ Gen 2 full synthetic oil, typically in 5W-30 viscosity. Using the correct specification is critical for protecting the variable valve timing system, timing chain, and emission systems. Oil should be changed every 7,500 miles or 12 months, whichever comes first, under normal driving conditions.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
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Regulatory Stability
EU regulations are referenced using CELEX identifiers for long-term stability.
EUR-Lex
EU emissions and type-approval regulations (e.g., CELEX:32007R0715, CELEX:32017R1151).
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval & V5C
UK vehicle approval processes, import rules, and MoT guidance.
DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)
UK type-approval authority for automotive products.
Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
WLTP and RDE testing procedures for emissions certification.
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval
UK compliance and certification requirements for imported and modified vehicles.
VCA Certification Portal
Type-approval guidance and documentation.
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